Linux

History of Linux

The base of Linux system is Unix operating system, which was first build in C Language. 

As we know that to run an operating system it must interact with its hardware, for this a kernel has been developed which was sufficient enough to interact with all of the basic components of PC, now to make the interaction more real and ease a shell (C Shell, Korn Shell and latest 'BASH Shell') has been developed, which carry the input from the user to perform a task.

In 1991 a name came in existence when a Finnish student Linus Torvalds has worked on a project and developed its own kernel, so a new OS has evolved in the name of Linus Torvalds, called as Leenyx(Pronunciation) or as Linux, continued with the pervious development Linux still is an open source OS, and to keep up the work he manages to involved other developers for support and this was all done with the help of networking across the globe in this context a OSDL (Open Source Development Lab) was created in 2000 and it was a open source development.

What does it mean by Linux is free, it means its source code can be changed or modified by anyone but it doesn't mean, it can't be sell or anybody can charge you on using its application or OS services.

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Share your files in Linux - Windows environment

Samba is the file-sharing protocol used by the Microsoft Windows operating system because some network environments include more than one operating system . If only sharing between Linux and other UNIX variants, it is simply achieved through NFS (Network File System).

First to configure and enable sharing you need to install samba packages.

Ubuntu

sudo apt-get install samba

sudo apt-get install samba-common

sudo apt-get install samba-client

sudo apt-get install smbfs

Note: Any command given below must be run without quotes.

Now Right click on the folder you want to share with Windows-based system, select the “Sharing Option” as below


Now you will see a sharing option window, here you have to check the “Share this folder” option, to also make the sharing partition writable you must check the “Allow others to create and delete files” option



For the extra permissions to set you have to click the “Add the permissions automatically” button


Now you can see a tiny sharing icon above your folder, like this


Now some admin stuff, press a combination of two keys Alt + F2 a run window will appear, type in here “gksu gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf” and then, click on “Run” button.


Now here u will see an editor with samba configuration file open. Here you have to add a line with in global ([global]) section “usershare owner only = false”. Save and close the file, now you are done with the configuration.


Now go to terminal and restart the samba services type

“sudo service smbd restart”


Now go to any Windows system within network to check it works, for this go on run prompt (Windows Icon Key + R), type beginning with two back slashes “\\192.168.56.1” , here you have to use your own Unix system IP.

Enter your Unix system user name and password from where you configured the samba and you are done.

To make a network sharing icon in “My Computer” section as a drive icon, run below commands in command prompt (cmd)

Note: After IP name you must give your share folder name.

net use z: \\192.168.56.1\sda7

You can also access the shared folder in Linux system too, the command line way is to type

sudo mount -t cifs //192.168.56.1/sda7/ /mnt/DATA

Where,

/mnt/DATA
is the path where I'm mounting the share folder, to see the content.

CIFS stands for

"Common Internet File System"

You are done, Thankyou..! :-)